在 Windows 10 編譯 Qt 5.9 源代碼的詳細過程 步驟詳解
以下編譯過程僅適於 Qt 5.9 及其子版本，經測試可放心使用 (意外情況除外)。
從 Qt 官網或 國內鏡像 下載源代碼。
注意： 從 Qt 官網 git 下載的源代碼可能無法使用，因為經常修改可能不穩定。
git 獲取源碼 --> cmd --> X: --> cd ./Qt --> git clone git://code.qt.io/Qt/qt5.git --> cd ./qt5 --> git checkout 5.9 --> git submodule update --init --recursive
git 更新源碼 --> cmd --> X: --> cd ./Qt/qt5 --> git remote -v --> git fetch origin --> git log -p 5.9 origin/5.9 --> git merge origin/5.9 --> git submodule update
安裝 Windows SDK 10.0.18362 (編譯 qtwebengine 時需要) --> 安裝位置 C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\ --> 默認安裝所有 Features
成功完成後，添加以下一些環境變量：
把 C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\; 添加到 path 環境變量
把 C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\bin\10.0.18362.0\x64\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.18362.0\um\x64\; 添加到 path 環境變量
把 C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Redist\D3D\x64\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Windows Performance Toolkit\; 添加到 path 環境變量
把 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A\Bin\x64\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1A\Lib\x64\; 添加到 path 環境變量
在編譯 ANGLE 時需要 DirectX 11 (僅適於 Windows 7)，Windows SDK 10.0.18362 帶有 DirectX 12 (通過 dxdiag 命令查看版本)。
位置 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010) --> 把 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010)\Utilities\bin\x64\; 添加到 path 環境變量
Visual Studio Community 2015 with Update 3 (x86 and x64) 英文版 (非英文版編譯時, 某些字符由於存在兼容性問題可能齣錯)
位置 X:\MSVC\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0 --> 勾選 Programming Languages 下 Visual C++ 下 Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015 --> 去除其它非必要安裝項
安裝 qt-opensource-windows-x86-5.x.exe (或帶 qmake 的其它 *.EXE 二進製發行版) --> 安裝時需要填入 Qt 用戶賬號 (沒有賬號需要先申請) -->
安裝位置 X:\Qt\Qt5.x --> 成功完成後，添加以下環境變量：
把 C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32; 和 X:\Qt\Qt5.x\5.x\msvc201x_64\bin\; 添加到 path 環境變量頭部
查看版本 --> cmd --> qmake -v
安裝 Python 2.7.9 或以上版本 (不支持 Python 3.x，編譯 qtwebengine 時需要)
位置 X:\Python27 --> 勾選 Add python.exe to Path 環境變量 --> 把 F:\Python27\;F:\Python27\Scripts\; 添加到 path 環境變量
查看版本 --> cmd --> python -v
把 C:\Perl64\bin\;C:\Perl64\lib\; 及 C:\Perl64\site\bin\;C:\Perl64\site\lib\; 添加到 path 環境變量
查看版本 --> cmd --> perl -v
到 https://sourceforge.net/projects/getgnuwin32 下載 GetGnuWin32-0.6.3.exe --> 安裝位置 X:\GnuWin32 --> 把 X:\GnuWin32\bin\;X:\GnuWin32\lib\; 添加到 path 環境變量
到 https://sourceforge.net/projects/winflexbison 下載 win_flex_bison3-latest.zip --> 解壓到 X:\win_flex_bison 目錄下 --> 把 X:\win_flex_bison\; 添加到 path 環境變量 --> 若在 qt5.git 之外構建 qtbase，把 win_bison 和 win_flex 重命名為 bison 和 flex
到 https://sourceforge.net/projects/gnuwin32 下載 bison-2.4.1 --> 安裝位置 X:\GnuWin32 --> 安裝 flex-2.5.4a-1 --> 安裝 gperf-3.0.1 --> 安裝 grep-2.5.4 --> 安裝 libiconv-1.9.2-1
編譯 ANGLE QtWebEngine 時需要 Bison、Flex、GPerf
若以上 GnuWin32 鏈接無法下載，請轉至 國內鏡像
注意：OpenSSL 版本不通過低也不能過高，否則無法使用。
安裝 Win64OpenSSL 1.1.0 以下版本 (OpenSSL 1.1 及之後版本，尚不兼容)
位置 X:\OpenSSL-Win64 --> 勾選 Copy OpenSSL DLLs to: The OpenSSL binaries (/bin) directory
把 X:\OpenSSL-Win64\bin\;X:\OpenSSL-Win64\lib\; 添加到 path 環境變量
下載 icu4c-59.1-Win32&64-MSVC2015.7z --> 解壓 icu4c-59.1-Win32&64-MSVC2015.7z 到 X:\icu4c
把 X:\icu4c\bin\;X:\icu4c\lib\; 添加到 path 環境變量
qtwebkit 編譯設置。
控製麵闆 --> 時間、語言和區域 --> 區域 --> 更改位置 --> 管理 --> 更改係統區域設置 --> 英語（美國）--> 確定 --> 重啓
解壓 qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.0.zip 到 X:\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.0 目錄下 (注意：此硬盤分區 100GB 以上)
使用 數據比較 工具，比對 qt-opensource-windows-x86-5.9.0.exe 安裝包自帶源碼 (查看源碼是否差異太大，是否存在問題)
下載並安裝 jom_1_1_3.zip (jom 編譯效率更高相比 nmake)
解壓到 X:\jom 目錄下 --> 把 X:\jom\; 添加到 path 環境變量
調用 Visual Studio 2015 x64 Win64 Command Prompt (如有更新環境變量， 需重啓此窗口) --> X: --> cd .\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.0
共享版 --> configure -confirm-license -opensource -platform win32-msvc2015 -release -mp -prefix "X:\Qt\Qt5.9.0_x64_custom\5.9\msvc2015_64" -opengl es2 -angle -icu -qt-pcre -qt-zlib -qt-freetype -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -sql-sqlite -nomake tests -nomake examples -skip qtdoc -openssl -I X:\icu4c\include -L X:\icu4c\lib64 -I X:\OpenSSL-Win64\include -L X:\OpenSSL-Win64\lib
靜態版 --> configure -confirm-license -opensource -platform win32-msvc2015 -release -static -mp -prefix "X:\Qt\Qt5.9.0_x64_custom\5.9\msvc2015_64" -opengl es2 -angle -qt-pcre -qt-zlib -qt-freetype -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -sql-sqlite -nomake tests -nomake examples -skip qtdoc -openssl -I X:\OpenSSL-Win64\include -L X:\OpenSSL-Win64\lib
編譯並將結果拷貝到 X:\Qt\Qt5.9.0_x64_custom 目錄下
jom --> jom install 或 nmake --> nmake install
Qt WebEngine 隻能在帶有 x64 位工具鏈的 64 位 Windows 中進行構建。
若想構建用於 x86 應用程序的 Qt WebEngine，需要采用 Visual Studio 2015 x64 to x86 交叉編譯工具鏈來配置和編譯 Qt。 可通過運行 vcvarsall.bat amd64_x86，在命令行中設置此工具鏈。
Qt5.9.0\qtwebengine --> warning C4819: 該文件包含不能在當前代碼頁(936)中錶示的字符。請將該文件保存為 Unicode 格式以防止數據丟失 --> qtcreator --> 工具 --> 選項 --> 文本編輯器 --> 行為 --> UTF-8 BOM: 如果編碼是 UTF-8 則添加 --> 打開文件 --> 保存文件
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Qt 5.9.1 在 CMD 窗口， configure -? 輸齣信息。
X:\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.1>configure -help
+ cd qtbase
+ X:\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.1\qtbase\configure.bat -top-level -help
Usage: configure [options] [assignments]
Configure understands variable assignments like VAR=value on the command line.
Each uppercased library name (obtainable with -list-libraries) supports the
suffixes _INCDIR, _LIBDIR, _PREFIX (INCDIR=PREFIX/include, LIBDIR=PREFIX/lib),
_LIBS, and - on Windows and Darwin - _LIBS_DEBUG and _LIBS_RELEASE. E.g.,
ICU_PREFIX=/opt/icu42 ICU_LIBS="-licui18n -licuuc -licudata".
It is also possible to manipulate any QMAKE_* variable, to amend the values
from the mkspec for the build of Qt itself, e.g., QMAKE_CXXFLAGS+=-g3.
Top-level installation directories:
-prefix <dir> ...... The deployment directory, as seen on the target device.
[/usr/local/Qt-$QT_VERSION, $PWD if -developer-build]
-extprefix <dir> ... The installation directory, as seen on the host machine.
[SYSROOT/PREFIX]
-hostprefix [dir] .. The installation directory for build tools running on
the host machine. If [dir] is not given, the current
build directory will be used. [EXTPREFIX]
-external-hostbindir <path> ... Path to Qt tools built for this machine.
Use this when -platform does not match the current
system, i.e., to make a Canadian Cross Build.
Fine tuning of installation directory layout. Note that all directories
except -sysconfdir should be located under -prefix/-hostprefix:
-bindir <dir> ......... Executables [PREFIX/bin]
-headerdir <dir> ...... Header files [PREFIX/include]
-libdir <dir> ......... Libraries [PREFIX/lib]
-archdatadir <dir> .... Arch-dependent data [PREFIX]
-plugindir <dir> ...... Plugins [ARCHDATADIR/plugins]
-libexecdir <dir> ..... Helper programs [ARCHDATADIR/bin on Windows,
ARCHDATADIR/libexec otherwise]
-importdir <dir> ...... QML1 imports [ARCHDATADIR/imports]
-qmldir <dir> ......... QML2 imports [ARCHDATADIR/qml]
-datadir <dir> ........ Arch-independent data [PREFIX]
-docdir <dir> ......... Documentation [DATADIR/doc]
-translationdir <dir> . Translations [DATADIR/translations]
-sysconfdir <dir> ..... Settings used by Qt programs [PREFIX/etc/xdg]
-examplesdir <dir> .... Examples [PREFIX/examples]
-testsdir <dir> ....... Tests [PREFIX/tests]
-hostbindir <dir> ..... Host executables [HOSTPREFIX/bin]
-hostlibdir <dir> ..... Host libraries [HOSTPREFIX/lib]
-hostdatadir <dir> .... Data used by qmake [HOSTPREFIX]
Conventions for the remaining options: When an option's description is
followed by a list of values in brackets, the interpretation is as follows:
'yes' represents the bare option; all other values are possible prefixes to
the option, e.g., -no-gui. Alternatively, the value can be assigned, e.g.,
--gui=yes. Values are listed in the order they are tried if not specified;
'auto' is a shorthand for 'yes/no'. Solitary 'yes' and 'no' represent binary
options without auto-detection.
Configure meta:
-help, -h ............ Display this help screen
-verbose, -v ......... Print verbose messages during configuration
-continue ............ Continue configure despite errors
-redo ................ Re-configure with previously used options.
Additional options may be passed, but will not be
saved for later use by -redo.
-recheck ............. Discard cached negative configure test results.
Use this after installing missing dependencies.
-recheck-all ......... Discard all cached configure test results.
-feature-<feature> ... Enable <feature>
-no-feature-<feature> Disable <feature> [none]
-list-features ....... List available features. Note that some features
have dedicated command line options as well.
-list-libraries ...... List possible external dependencies.
Build options:
-opensource .......... Build the Open-Source Edition of Qt
-commercial .......... Build the Commercial Edition of Qt
-confirm-license ..... Automatically acknowledge the license
-release ............. Build Qt with debugging turned off [yes]
-debug ............... Build Qt with debugging turned on [no]
-debug-and-release ... Build two versions of Qt, with and without
debugging turned on [yes] (Apple and Windows only)
-optimize-debug ...... Enable debug-friendly optimizations in debug builds
[auto] (Not supported with MSVC)
-optimize-size ....... Optimize release builds for size instead of speed [no]
-optimized-tools ..... Build optimized host tools even in debug build [no]
-force-debug-info .... Create symbol files for release builds [no]
-separate-debug-info . Split off debug information to separate files [no]
-strip ............... Strip release binaries of unneeded symbols [yes]
-force-asserts ....... Enable Q_ASSERT even in release builds [no]
-developer-build ..... Compile and link Qt for developing Qt itself
(exports for auto-tests, extra checks, etc.) [no]
-shared .............. Build shared Qt libraries [yes] (no for UIKit)
-static .............. Build static Qt libraries [no] (yes for UIKit)
-framework ........... Build Qt framework bundles [yes] (Apple only)
-platform <target> ... Select host mkspec [detected]
-xplatform <target> .. Select target mkspec when cross-compiling [PLATFORM]
-device <name> ....... Cross-compile for device <name>
-device-option <key=value> ... Add option for the device mkspec
-appstore-compliant .. Disable code that is not allowed in platform app stores.
This is on by default for platforms which require distribution
through an app store by default, in particular Android,
iOS, tvOS, watchOS, and Universal Windows Platform. [auto]
-qtnamespace <name> .. Wrap all Qt library code in 'namespace <name> {...}'.
-qtlibinfix <infix> .. Rename all libQt5*.so to libQt5*<infix>.so.
-testcocoon .......... Instrument with the TestCocoon code coverage tool [no]
-gcov ................ Instrument with the GCov code coverage tool [no]
-sanitize {address|thread|memory|undefined}
Instrument with the specified compiler sanitizer.
-c++std <edition> .... Select C++ standard <edition> [c++1z/c++14/c++11]
(Not supported with MSVC)
-sse2 ................ Use SSE2 instructions [auto]
-sse3/-ssse3/-sse4.1/-sse4.2/-avx/-avx2/-avx512
Enable use of particular x86 instructions [auto]
Enabled ones are still subject to runtime detection.
-mips_dsp/-mips_dspr2 Use MIPS DSP/rev2 instructions [auto]
-qreal <type> ........ typedef qreal to the specified type. [double]
Note: this affects binary compatibility.
-R <string> .......... Add an explicit runtime library path to the Qt
libraries. Supports paths relative to LIBDIR.
-rpath ............... Link Qt libraries and executables using the library
install path as a runtime library path. Similar to
-R LIBDIR. On Apple platforms, disabling this implies
using absolute install names (based in LIBDIR) for
dynamic libraries and frameworks. [auto]
-reduce-exports ...... Reduce amount of exported symbols [auto]
-reduce-relocations .. Reduce amount of relocations [auto] (Unix only)
-plugin-manifests .... Embed manifests into plugins [no] (Windows only)
-static-runtime ...... With -static, use static runtime [no] (Windows only)
-pch ................. Use precompiled headers [auto]
-ltcg ................ Use Link Time Code Generation [no]
-use-gold-linker ..... Use the GNU gold linker [auto]
-incredibuild-xge .... Use the IncrediBuild XGE [no] (Windows only)
-make-tool <tool> .... Use <tool> to build qmake [nmake] (Windows only)
-mp .................. Use multiple processors for compilation (MSVC only)
-warnings-are-errors . Treat warnings as errors [no; yes if -developer-build]
-silent .............. Reduce the build output so that warnings and errors
can be seen more easily
Build environment:
-sysroot <dir> ....... Set <dir> as the target sysroot
-gcc-sysroot ......... With -sysroot, pass --sysroot to the compiler [yes]
-pkg-config .......... Use pkg-config [auto] (Unix only)
-D <string> .......... Pass additional preprocessor define
-I <string> .......... Pass additional include path
-L <string> .......... Pass additional library path
-F <string> .......... Pass additional framework path (Apple only)
-sdk <sdk> ........... Build Qt using Apple provided SDK <sdk>. The argument
should be one of the available SDKs as listed by
'xcodebuild -showsdks'.
Note that the argument applies only to Qt libraries
and applications built using the target mkspec - not
host tools such as qmake, moc, rcc, etc.
-android-sdk path .... Set Android SDK root path [$ANDROID_SDK_ROOT]
-android-ndk path .... Set Android NDK root path [$ANDROID_NDK_ROOT]
-android-ndk-platform Set Android platform
-android-ndk-host .... Set Android NDK host (linux-x86, linux-x86_64, etc.)
[$ANDROID_NDK_HOST]
-android-arch ........ Set Android architecture (armeabi, armeabi-v7a,
arm64-v8a, x86, x86_64, mips, mips64)
-android-toolchain-version ... Set Android toolchain version
-android-style-assets Automatically extract style assets from the device at
run time. This option makes the Android style behave
correctly, but also makes the Android platform plugin
incompatible with the LGPL2.1. [yes]
Component selection:
-skip <repo> ......... Exclude an entire repository from the build.
-make <part> ......... Add <part> to the list of parts to be built.
Specifying this option clears the default list first.
[libs and examples, also tools if not cross-building,
also tests if -developer-build]
-nomake <part> ....... Exclude <part> from the list of parts to be built.
-compile-examples .... When unset, install only the sources of examples [yes]
-gui ................. Build the Qt GUI module and dependencies [yes]
-widgets ............. Build the Qt Widgets module and dependencies [yes]
-no-dbus ............. Do not build the Qt D-Bus module
[default on Android and Windows]
-dbus-linked ......... Build Qt D-Bus and link to libdbus-1 [auto]
-dbus-runtime ........ Build Qt D-Bus and dynamically load libdbus-1 [no]
-accessibility ....... Enable accessibility support [yes]
Note: Disabling accessibility is not recommended.
-qml-debug ........... Enable QML debugging support [yes]
Qt comes with bundled copies of some 3rd party libraries. These are used
by default if auto-detection of the respective system library fails.
Core options:
-doubleconversion .... Select used double conversion library [system/Qt/no]
No implies use of sscanf_l and snprintf_l (imprecise).
-glib ................ Enable Glib support [no; auto on Unix]
-eventfd ............. Enable eventfd support
-inotify ............. Enable inotify support
-iconv ............... Enable iconv(3) support [posix/sun/gnu/no] (Unix only)
-icu ................. Enable ICU support [auto]
-pcre ................ Select used libpcre2 [system/qt]
-pps ................. Enable PPS support [auto] (QNX only)
-zlib ................ Select used zlib [system/qt]
Logging backends:
-journald .......... Enable journald support [no] (Unix only)
-syslog ............ Enable syslog support [no] (Unix only)
-slog2 ............. Enable slog2 support [auto] (QNX only)
Network options:
-ssl ................. Enable either SSL support method [auto]
-no-openssl .......... Do not use OpenSSL [default on Apple and WinRT]
-openssl-linked ...... Use OpenSSL and link to libssl [no]
-openssl-runtime ..... Use OpenSSL and dynamically load libssl [auto]
-securetransport ..... Use SecureTransport [auto] (Apple only)
-sctp ................ Enable SCTP support [no]
-libproxy ............ Enable use of libproxy [no]
-system-proxies ...... Use system network proxies by default [yes]
Gui, printing, widget options:
-cups ................ Enable CUPS support [auto] (Unix only)
-fontconfig .......... Enable Fontconfig support [auto] (Unix only)
-freetype ............ Select used FreeType [system/Qt/no]
-harfbuzz ............ Select used HarfBuzz-NG [system/Qt/no]
(Not auto-detected on Apple and Windows)
-gtk ................. Enable GTK platform theme support [auto]
-lgmon ............... Enable lgmon support [auto] (QNX only)
-no-opengl ........... Disable OpenGL support
-opengl <api> ........ Enable OpenGL support. Supported APIs:
es2 (default on Windows), desktop (default on Unix),
dynamic (Windows only)
-opengles3 ........... Enable OpenGL ES 3.x support instead of ES 2.x [auto]
-angle ............... Use bundled ANGLE to support OpenGL ES 2.0 [auto]
(Windows only)
-combined-angle-lib .. Merge LibEGL and LibGLESv2 into LibANGLE (Windows only)
-qpa <name> .......... Select default QPA backend (e.g., xcb, cocoa, windows)
-xcb-xlib............. Enable Xcb-Xlib support [auto]
Platform backends:
-direct2d .......... Enable Direct2D support [auto] (Windows only)
-directfb .......... Enable DirectFB support [no] (Unix only)
-eglfs ............. Enable EGLFS support [auto; no on Android and Windows]
-gbm ............... Enable backends for GBM [auto] (Linux only)
-kms ............... Enable backends for KMS [auto] (Linux only)
-linuxfb ........... Enable Linux Framebuffer support [auto] (Linux only)
-mirclient ......... Enable Mir client support [no] (Linux only)
-xcb ............... Select used xcb-* libraries [system/Qt/no]
(-qt-xcb still uses system version of libxcb itself)
Input backends:
-evdev ............. Enable evdev support [auto]
-imf ............... Enable IMF support [auto] (QNX only)
-libinput .......... Enable libinput support [auto]
-mtdev ............. Enable mtdev support [auto]
-tslib ............. Enable tslib support [auto]
-xinput2 ........... Enable XInput2 support [auto]
-xkbcommon-x11 ..... Select xkbcommon used in combination with xcb
[system/Qt/no]
-xkb-config-root <dir> ... With -qt-xkbcommon-x11, set default XKB config
root <dir> [detect]
-xkbcommon-evdev ... Enable X-less xkbcommon in combination with libinput
[auto]
Image formats:
-gif ............... Enable reading support for GIF [auto]
-ico ............... Enable support for ICO [yes]
-libpng ............ Select used libpng [system/Qt/no]
-libjpeg ........... Select used libjpeg [system/Qt/no]
Database options:
-sql-<driver> ........ Enable SQL <driver> plugin. Supported drivers:
db2 ibase mysql oci odbc psql sqlite2 sqlite tds
[all auto]
-sqlite .............. Select used sqlite3 [system/qt]
Qt3D options:
-assimp .............. Select used assimp library [system/Qt/no]
-qt3d-profile-jobs ... Enable jobs profiling [no]
-qt3d-profile-gl ..... Enable OpenGL profiling [no]
Multimedia options:
-pulseaudio .......... Enable PulseAudio support [auto] (Unix only)
-alsa ................ Enable ALSA support [auto] (Unix only)
-no-gstreamer ........ Disable support for GStreamer
-gstreamer [version] . Enable GStreamer support [auto]
With no parameter, 1.0 is tried first, then 0.10.
-mediaplayer-backend <name> ... Select media player backend (Windows only)
Supported backends: directshow (default), wmf
X:\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.1>
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